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    Magnetic properties of bulk Zn₁₋ₓMnₓO and Zn₁₋ₓCoₓO single crystals

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    COPE_052.pdf (345.3Kb)
    Date
    2004-12
    Author
    Kane, Matthew Hartmann
    Shalini, K.
    Summers, C. J.
    Varatharajan, R.
    Nause, J.
    Vestal, Christy Riann
    Zhang, Z. John
    Ferguson, Ian T.
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    Abstract
    Manganese and cobalt-doped ZnO have been produced using a modified melt-growth technique. X-ray diffraction measurements indicate that the samples are high-quality single crystals with ω−2θ full width at half maximum values of 78 arc sec for the undoped ZnO and 252 arc sec for Zn₁₋ₓMnₓO (x = 0.05). The lattice parameter of the Zn₁₋ₓMnₓO was observed to increase with Mn concentration. Transmission measurements showed systematic variations dominated by absorption from interatomic Mn²⁺ and Co²⁺ transitions. No evidence of diluted magnetic semiconductor mean-field ferromagnetic behavior was observed in any of these nominally noncarrier-doped samples. The magnetic properties instead showed paramagnetic behavior for Zn₁₋ₓMnₓO dominated by an antiferromagnetic Mn–Mn exchange interaction at low temperatures. Zn ₁₋ₓ CoₓO showed hysteresis that was attributed to superparamagnetic Co clusters embedded in a diamagnetic ZnO matrix. It has been shown that in the bulk single-crystal form, intrinsic and noncarrier-doped Zn₁₋ₓTMₓO is not ferromagnetic; thus creative processing and doping techniques are necessary to achieve practical ferromagnetism in these materials.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/1853/46699
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